/**
 * @PROJECT		ForbidHosts
 * @COPYRIGHT		See COPYING in the top level directory
 * @FILE		forbidhosts.cpp
 * @PURPOSE		Tool for checking IPv4 & IPv6 failed connections
 * @DEVELOPERS		Pierre Schweitzer <pierre@reactos.org>
 *			Rafal Kupiec <belliash@asiotec.eu.org>
 */

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/inotify.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <csignal>

#include "forbidhosts.h"

using namespace std;

void assertException(const char *file, unsigned int line, const char *assert, bool critical) {
	syslog(LOG_ERR, "Assertion '%s' failed at line %d in file %s", assert, line, file);
	if(critical) {
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
}

void assignGlobalVars() {
	global.max_attempts = MAXATTEMPTS;
	global.host_expire = HOSTEXPIRE;
	global.failure_penalty = FAILUREPENALTY;
	global.deny_file = DENYFILE;
	global.log_file = LOGFILE;
	global.pid_file = PIDFILE;
	global.protocol = "sshd";
}

bool compare(const host_t &lhs, const host_t &rhs) {
	return (lhs.expires > rhs.expires);
}

void daemonize(string workdir) {
	int pidfile;
	char pid[10];
	struct sigaction sigact;
	pid_t daemon;

	if(getppid() == 1) {
		return;
	}
	setlogmask(LOG_MASK(LOG_INFO) | LOG_MASK(LOG_ERR) | LOG_MASK(LOG_CRIT));
	openlog("ForbidHosts", LOG_CONS, LOG_USER);
	syslog(LOG_INFO, "Starting up daemon.");
	daemon = fork();
	if(daemon < 0) {
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to execute fork().");
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	if(daemon > 0) {
		syslog(LOG_INFO, "Child process created, working in background. Parent exiting.");
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	}
	sigact.sa_handler = &signalHandler;
	sigact.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
	sigfillset(&sigact.sa_mask);
	sigaction(SIGABRT, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGHUP, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGINT, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGKILL, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGTERM, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sigact, NULL);
	sigaction(SIGUSR2, &sigact, NULL);
	umask(0);
	if(setsid() < 0) {
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	if((chdir(workdir.c_str())) < 0) {
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to change working directory to '%s'.", workdir.c_str());
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	close(STDIN_FILENO);
	close(STDOUT_FILENO);
	close(STDERR_FILENO);
	pidfile = open(global.pid_file.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
	if(pidfile == -1) {
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to open '%s' PID lock file.", global.pid_file.c_str());
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	if(lockf(pidfile, F_TLOCK,0) == -1) {
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to lock '%s' PID lock file.", global.pid_file.c_str());
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	sprintf(pid, "%d\n", getpid());
	assertSoft(write(pidfile, pid, strlen(pid)) == (ssize_t) strlen(pid));
	close(pidfile);
	syslog(LOG_INFO, "Daemon is UP & RUNNING.");
}

void debug(const char *msg, ...) {
	int fp;
	char *log = NULL;
	va_list args;

	if(global.debug.length()) {
		if((fp = open(global.debug.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_APPEND))) {
			va_start(args, msg);
			sprintf(log, msg, args);
			va_end(args);
			assertSoft(write(fp, log, strlen(log)) == (ssize_t) strlen(log));
			close(fp);
			sync();
		}
	}
}

void denyHost(string host) {
	int colon;
	int deny;
	string entry;

	deny = open(global.deny_file.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_APPEND);
	if(deny < 0) {
		debug("Banning host '%s' in file %s failed for unknown reason.", host.c_str(), global.deny_file.c_str());
		syslog(LOG_ERR, "Banning host '%s' in file %s failed for unknown reason.", host.c_str(), global.deny_file.c_str());
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	colon = host.find_first_of(':');
	if(colon != -1) {
		entry = global.protocol + ": [" + host + "]\n";
	} else {
		entry = global.protocol + ": " + host + "\n";
	}
	assertSoft(write(deny, entry.c_str(), entry.length()) == (ssize_t) entry.length());
	close(deny);
	sync();
	debug("Banned host '%s' for excessive abusive.", host.c_str());
	syslog(LOG_INFO, "Banned host '%s' for excessive abusive.", host.c_str());
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	int i_auth;
	int i_notify;
	int next_opt;
	int val;
	vector<banned_t> banned;
	vector<host_t> hosts;

	assignGlobalVars();
	while((next_opt = getopt(argc, argv, "t:p:n:l:e:d:D:av")) != -1) {
		switch(next_opt) {
			case 'a':
				global.protocol = "ALL";
				break;
			case 'd':
				global.deny_file = strdup(optarg);
				break;
			case 'D':
				global.debug = strdup(optarg);
				break;
			case 'e':
				val = sscanf(optarg, "%u", &global.host_expire);
				if(val > 0) {
					global.host_expire = global.host_expire > 0 ? global.host_expire : HOSTEXPIRE;
				} else {
					global.host_expire = HOSTEXPIRE;
				}
				break;
			case 'l':
				global.log_file = strdup(optarg);
				break;
			case 'n':
				global.banned_names = strdup(optarg);
				break;
			case 'p':
				global.pid_file = strdup(optarg);
				break;
			case 't':
				val = sscanf(optarg, "%u", &global.max_attempts);
				if(val > 0) {
					global.max_attempts = global.max_attempts > 0 ? global.max_attempts : MAXATTEMPTS;
				} else {
					global.max_attempts = MAXATTEMPTS;
				}
				break;
			case 'v':
				printVersion();
				break;
		}
	}
	daemonize("/tmp");
	logfile = open(global.log_file.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
	if(logfile < 0) {
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to open '%s' log file for reading.", global.log_file.c_str());
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	lseek(logfile, 0, SEEK_END);
	i_notify = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK);
	if(i_notify < 0) {
		close(logfile);
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to initialize iNotify subsystem.");
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	i_auth = inotify_add_watch(i_notify, global.log_file.c_str(), IN_MODIFY);
	if(i_auth < 0) {
		close(i_notify);
		close(logfile);
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Unable to attach a watcher on a log file.");
		shutdown(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	for(;;) {
		struct pollfd fds[] = {i_notify, POLLIN, 0};
		int timeout = -1;
		if(!hosts.empty()) {
			timeout = hosts.back().expires - time(0) * 1000;
		}
		int event = poll(fds, 1, timeout);
		if(event > 0) {
			struct inotify_event i_event;
			assertSoft(read(i_notify, &i_event, sizeof(struct inotify_event)) == sizeof(struct inotify_event));
		}
		while(!readLine(logfile, hosts, banned));
		while(!banned.empty()) {
			if(banned.back().expires > time(0)) {
				break;
			}
			banned.pop_back();
		}
		while(!hosts.empty()) {
			if(hosts.back().expires > time(0)) {
				break;
			}
			hosts.pop_back();
		}
		sleep(1);
	}
	close(i_auth);
	close(i_notify);
	close(logfile);
}

void printVersion() {
	printf("ForbidHosts Daemon v%s\n\n", FHVERSION);
	exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

unsigned int readLine(int file, vector<host_t> &hosts, vector<banned_t> &banned) {
	char line[255];
	char *address;
	string host;
	bool loggedin = false;
	static string last_addr = "";
	unsigned int length;
	unsigned int addr_length;
	unsigned int red = 0;
	unsigned int repeated = 1;

	for(;;) {
		red = 0;
		while(red < sizeof(line) / sizeof(char)) {
			length = read(file, &line[red], sizeof(char));
			if(length < 1) {
				if(red == 0) {
					return length;
				} else {
					break;
				}
			}
			if(line[red] == '\n') {
				line[red] = '\0';
				break;
			}
			red++;
		}
		if(!validateEntry(line, &address, &addr_length, &loggedin)) {
			if(!last_addr.empty()) {
				repeated = validateRepeated(line);
				if(repeated == 0) {
					last_addr = "";
					return length;
				}
			} else {
				last_addr = "";
				return length;
			}
		} else {
			host = address;
			host.erase(addr_length);
			last_addr = host;
		}
		if(updateHost(last_addr, hosts, banned, repeated, loggedin)) {
			hosts.push_back(host_t(time(0), host));
		}
		sort(hosts.begin(), hosts.end(), compare);
	}
}

void shutdown(int code) {
	if(code != 0) {
		syslog(LOG_CRIT, "Emergency daemon shutdown due to errors.");
	} else {
		syslog(LOG_INFO, "Shutting down daemon.");
	}
	unlink(global.pid_file.c_str());
	exit(code);
}

void signalHandler(int signal) {
	switch(signal) {
		case SIGHUP:
			syslog(LOG_WARNING, "Received SIGHUP signal!");
			break;
		case SIGABRT:
		case SIGINT:
		case SIGQUIT:
		case SIGTERM:
			shutdown(EXIT_SUCCESS);
			break;
		case SIGUSR1:
		case SIGUSR2:
			syslog(LOG_INFO, "Received SIGUSR1 signal - probably logs rotated.");
			syslog(LOG_INFO, "Reloading system log file.");
			lseek(logfile, 0, SEEK_END);
			break;
		default:
			syslog(LOG_WARNING, "Unhandled signal caught: %s.", strsignal(signal));
			return;
	}
}

bool updateHost(const string &host, vector<host_t> &hosts, vector<banned_t> &banned, unsigned int repeated, bool loggedin) {
	bool insert = true;

	assertSoft(!banned.empty());
	for(vector<banned_t>::iterator it = banned.begin(); it != banned.end(); ++it) {
		if((*it).ipaddr.compare(host) == 0) {
			insert = false;
			break;
		}
	}
	if(insert) {
		assertSoft(!host.empty());
		for(vector<host_t>::iterator it = hosts.begin(); it != hosts.end(); ++it) {
			if((*it).ipaddr.compare(host) == 0) {
				insert = false;
				(*it).attempts += repeated;
				if(loggedin) {
					hosts.erase(it);
				} else if((*it).attempts >= global.max_attempts) {
					denyHost((*it).ipaddr);
					hosts.erase(it);
					banned.push_back(banned_t(time(0), host));
				} else {
					(*it).expires += (global.host_expire * 60);
				}
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	assertSoft((insert && repeated == 1) || !insert);
	return (loggedin ? false : insert);
}

bool validateEntry(char *entry, char **address, unsigned int *length, bool *loggedin) {
	char *sshd;
	char *method;
	char *user;
	char *host;
	char *end;

	*loggedin = false;
	sshd = strstr(entry, " sshd[");
	if(sshd != 0) {
		method = strstr(sshd, ": Failed ");
		if(method != 0) {
			method += sizeof(": Failed ");
			user = strstr(method, " for ");
			if(user == 0) {
				return false;
			}
			user += sizeof(" for ");
			host = strstr(user, " from ");
			if(host == 0) {
				return false;
			}
			host += sizeof(" from ") - sizeof('\0');
			end = strstr(host, " port ");
			if(end == 0) {
				return false;
			}
		} else {
			method = strstr(sshd, ": Invalid ");
			if(method != 0) {
				user = strstr(method, " user ");
				if(user == 0) {
					return false;
				}
				user += sizeof (" user ");
				host = strstr(user, " from ");
				if(host == 0) {
					return false;
				}
				host += sizeof(" from ") - sizeof('\0');
				end = strchr(host, '\0');
			} else {
				method = strstr(sshd, ": Address ");
				if(method != 0) {
					host = strdup(method);
					host += sizeof(": Address ") - sizeof('\0');
					user = strstr(host, " POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT");
					if(user == 0) {
						return false;
					}
					end = strstr(host, " maps to ");
					if(end == 0) {
						return false;
					}
				} else {
					method = strstr(sshd, ": Accepted ");
					if(method != 0) {
						user = strstr(method, " for ");
						if(user == 0) {
							return false;
						}
						user += sizeof(" for ");
						host = strstr(user, " from ");
						if(host == 0) {
							return false;
						}
						host += sizeof(" from ") - sizeof('\0');
						end = strchr(host, '\0');
						*loggedin = true;
					} else {
						return false;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	} else {
		return false;
	}
	*address = host;
	*length = (end - host);
	return true;
}

unsigned int validateRepeated(char *line) {
	char *sshd;
	char *times;
	char *end;

	sshd = strstr(line, " sshd[");
	if(sshd == 0) {
		return 0;
	}
	times = strstr(sshd, ": last message repeated ");
	if(times == 0) {
		return 0;
	}
	times += sizeof(": last message repeated ") - sizeof('\0');
	end = strstr(times, " times");
	if(end == 0) {
		return 0;
	}
	return strtoul(times, 0, 10);
}